"We cannot accurately comprehend either our hidden potential or full range of problems that besiege us until we know the successful struggles that generations of Foremothers waged against virtually insurmountable obstacles."
- Darlene Clark Hines
Elizabeth Freeman
Elizabeth Freeman (Mum Betts), (c1784 – 1829), an abolitionist, was the first slave to successfully sue for her freedom, encouraging Massachusetts to abolish slavery in 1781.
Charlotte E. Ray
Charlotte E. Ray (1850 – 1911), was the first permitted to practice law in the United States in 1872.
Jane M. Bolin
Jane M. Bolin (1908 - 2007), was the first to be appointed as a Family Court Judge in the United States by Mayor Fiorello H. LaGuardia in the City of New York in 1939
Juanita Kidd Stout
Juanita Kidd Stout (1919 – 1998) a judge was the first to serve on a State’s Highest Court when she was sworn in as an associate justice in Pennsylvania in 1959.
Jewel S. Lafontant Mankarious
Jewel S. Lafontant Mankarious (1922 – 1997), a lawyer, was the first female deputy solicitor general of the United States, an appointment made by President Nixon in 1973. In 1963, she became the first black woman to argue a case before the U.S. Supreme Court.
Elaine R. Jones
Elaine R. Jones (b. 1944), a prominent civil rights lawyer, was the first to be named director-counsel and president of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund in 1993.
Judge Constance Baker Motley
Judge Constance Baker Motley (September 14, 1921 – September 28, 2005) was an African-American civil rights activist, lawyer, judge, state senator, and Borough President of Manhattan, New York City.
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